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In an arithmetic progression, the 5th term is 18 and the 10th term is 33. What is the 1st term?

GMAT · 2021 · Quantitative
Question:
In an arithmetic progression, the 5th term is 18 and the 10th term is 33. What is the 1st term?

Options

(A) 3
(B) 5
(C) 6
(D) 7
(E) 9
Answer: (C) 6

Explanation:
Let first term = a, common difference = d. a₅ = a + 4d = 18. a₁₀ = a + 9d = 33. Subtracting: 5d = 15, so d = 3. Therefore a + 4(3) = 18, a = 18 - 12 = 6.

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