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Consider the following statements: 1. In a seismograph, P waves are recorded earlier than S waves. 2. In P waves, the individual particles vibrate to and fro in the direction of wave propagation whereas in S waves, the particles vibrate up and down at right angles to the direction of wave propagation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

UPSC · 2023 · Geography
Question:
Consider the following statements: 1. In a seismograph, P waves are recorded earlier than S waves. 2. In P waves, the individual particles vibrate to and fro in the direction of wave propagation whereas in S waves, the particles vibrate up and down at right angles to the direction of wave propagation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Options

1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: Both 1 and 2

Explanation:
Both statements are correct. P waves (primary) travel faster and arrive first; particle motion is parallel to propagation. S waves (secondary) move slower, with perpendicular particle motion.

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