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Deforestation adversely affects the:

HPPSC · 2021 · GS1
Question:
Deforestation adversely affects the:

Options

(1) Geomorphology
(2) Pedology
(3) Cryology
(4) Hydrology
Answer: (4) Hydrology

Explanation:
Deforestation adversely affects Hydrology — the study and science of water movement, distribution, and quality. Forests act as natural water regulators by absorbing rainfall, recharging groundwater, and reducing runoff. Removal of forests disrupts the water cycle, increases surface runoff, causes flooding, reduces groundwater recharge, and leads to stream sedimentation. Pedology (soil science) is also affected but hydrology is the primary and most direct impact.

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